From Fedora Project Wiki

No edit summary
No edit summary
 
(40 intermediate revisions by 23 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{lang|en|pt-br|page=Editando Forbidden items/pt-br}}
{{admon/warning|PLEASE NOTE: THIS PAGE IS NO LONGER UPDATED AND NOT CURRENT. FOR LICENSING AND LEGAL TOPICS RELATED TO FEDORA PLEASE SEE https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/legal/}}
Fedora users and contributors frequently ask others in the community why certain items are not included in Fedora. This page is meant to provide some explanations for the most frequently requested exclusions.
Fedora users and contributors frequently ask others in the community why certain items are not included in Fedora. This page is meant to provide some explanations for the most frequently requested exclusions.


Line 7: Line 11:
* If it violates United States laws (specifically, Federal or applicable state laws), it cannot be included in Fedora.
* If it violates United States laws (specifically, Federal or applicable state laws), it cannot be included in Fedora.


[[Third party repositories]] often have more liberal licensing policies and contain software that has been excluded from the official Fedora software repository for various reasons. The Fedora Project [[FAQ]] and the informal one http://fedorafaq.org provide useful answers to commonly asked questions.  However, the informal faq site is not affiliated with the Fedora Project. You can use a search engine like [http://google.com Google] to look for additional help. The proprietary software and drivers discussed may be available from the respective owners and other vendors. Fedora Project instead highly recommends that you support the right vendors and get [http://www.fsf.org/resources/hw hardware] that can work with completely free and open source software and not restricted by [[Software Patents]] and other legal encumbrances.  
[[Third party repositories]] often have more liberal licensing policies and contain software that has been excluded from the official Fedora software repository for various reasons. You can also find community support via [http://ask.fedoraproject.org Ask Fedora] and use a search engine like Google to look for additional help. The proprietary software and drivers discussed may be available from the respective owners and other vendors. Fedora Project instead highly recommends that you support the right vendors and get [http://www.fsf.org/resources/hw hardware] that can work with completely free and open source software and not restricted by [[Software Patents]] and other legal encumbrances.  


{{Anchor|MP3_Support}}
{{Anchor|Adobe_Flash_Player}}
== MP3 Support ==
[https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/ForbiddenItems#MP3_Support Permalink of this answer]


MP3 encoding and decoding support is not included in any Fedora application because MP3 is heavily patented in several regions including the United States.  The patent holder is unwilling to give an unrestricted patent grant, as required by the GPL. Other platforms might have paid the royalty and/or included proprietary software. Other Linux distributions not based in a region affected by the patent might ship MP3 decoders/encoders or they might have included proprietary software.  However, Fedora cannot and does not include MP3 decoders/encoders in order to serve the goal of providing and supporting only free and open source software that is not restricted by software patents by default.
== Adobe/Macromedia Flash Player ==
[https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/ForbiddenItems#Adobe_Flash_Player Permalink of this answer]


'''Fedora Suggests:''' If possible, use patent unrestricted formats such as Ogg Vorbis (a lossy audio codec that has better quality than MP3), or FLAC (a lossless audio codec).
Adobe Flash Player is proprietary software. Fedora does not include proprietary software.  If you still need to install Adobe Flash, we have [[Flash|Flash installation instructions]].


[[Multimedia/MP3|  More Information...]]
== Proprietary Kernel Drivers ==
== Proprietary Kernel Drivers ==


Line 29: Line 30:
The NVIDIA graphics drivers are proprietary, and many kernel developers consider this driver to violate the GPL license of the kernel. Fedora does not include proprietary software.
The NVIDIA graphics drivers are proprietary, and many kernel developers consider this driver to violate the GPL license of the kernel. Fedora does not include proprietary software.


'''Fedora Suggests:''' Consider using the free and Nouveau driver instead or use a graphics adapter from Intel or AMD or any other manufacturer that provides full specifications and/or source code.  
'''Fedora Suggests:''' Consider using the free and open source Nouveau driver instead or use a graphics adapter from Intel or AMD or any other manufacturer that provides full specifications and/or source code.  


{{Anchor|ATI}}
{{Anchor|ATI}}
Line 55: Line 56:
Real Media encoding and decoding support is not included in any Fedora application because it is heavily patented in several regions including the United States.  The patent holder is unwilling to give an unrestricted patent grant, as required by the GPL. Other platforms might have paid the royalty, or included proprietary software. Other Linux distributions not based in a region affected by the patent might ship Real Media decoders and encoders.  However, Fedora cannot and does not ship Real Media decoders and encoders in order to serve the goal of providing and supporting only free and open source software by default.
Real Media encoding and decoding support is not included in any Fedora application because it is heavily patented in several regions including the United States.  The patent holder is unwilling to give an unrestricted patent grant, as required by the GPL. Other platforms might have paid the royalty, or included proprietary software. Other Linux distributions not based in a region affected by the patent might ship Real Media decoders and encoders.  However, Fedora cannot and does not ship Real Media decoders and encoders in order to serve the goal of providing and supporting only free and open source software by default.


'''Fedora Suggests:''' Try using patent unrestricted formats such as Ogg Vorbis (a lossy audio codec), Ogg Theora (a lossy video codec), or FLAC (a lossless audio codec)
'''Fedora Suggests:''' Try using patent unrestricted formats such as WebM (a lossy format for video and audio), Ogg Vorbis (a lossy audio codec), Ogg Theora (a lossy video codec), or FLAC (a lossless audio codec)


{{Anchor|DVD_Playback}}
{{Anchor|DVD_Playback}}
== DVD Playback ==
== Encrypted DVD Playback ==
[https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/ForbiddenItems#DVD_Playback Permalink of this answer]  
[https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/ForbiddenItems#DVD_Playback Permalink of this answer]  


DVD playback (of CSS encrypted DVDs) may be a violation of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DMCA United States DMCA] , because it may be considered circumventing a copyright protection mechanism.  Additionally, MPEG2 is a patented codec, so even DVDs without encryption cannot be played.
Playback of CSS encrypted DVDs may be a violation of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DMCA United States DMCA] , because it may be considered circumventing a copyright protection mechanism.   


'''Fedora Suggests:''' Using patent unrestricted formats such as Ogg Theora is highly recommended when encoding videos.
'''Fedora Suggests:''' Using patent unrestricted formats such as WebM or Ogg Theora is highly recommended when encoding videos.


[[Multimedia/DVD|  More Information...]]  
[[Multimedia/DVD|  More Information...]]  
Line 79: Line 80:
[[ForbiddenItems#Sun_Java|Permalink of this answer]]
[[ForbiddenItems#Sun_Java|Permalink of this answer]]


Java is now under a free software license but still has some binary encumbrances which are being removed or replaced incrementally. Red Hat [http://www.press.redhat.com/2007/11/05/red-hat-helps-advance-open-source-java/ worked] with Sun to improve free and open source Java. Fedora 9 and above includes OpenJDK with encumbered portions replaced by the [http://icedtea.classpath.org/wiki/Main_Page IcedTea]  Project and it is fully [http://blog.softwhere.org/archives/196 TCK compliant]. Also Fedora includes and actively develops [http://gcc.gnu.org/java GCJ]  which can be used to run many Java programs and supports a different set of features and architectures. See the [[JavaFAQ]] for more details.
Java is now under a free software license but still has some binary encumbrances which are being removed or replaced incrementally. Red Hat [http://www.press.redhat.com/2007/11/05/red-hat-helps-advance-open-source-java/ worked] with Oracle to improve free and open source Java. Fedora 9 and above includes OpenJDK with encumbered portions replaced by the [http://icedtea.classpath.org/wiki/Main_Page IcedTea]  Project and it is fully [http://blog.softwhere.org/archives/196 TCK compliant]. Refer to the [[JavaFAQ]] for more details.


{{Anchor|VMWare}}
{{Anchor|VMWare}}
Line 86: Line 87:
[https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/ForbiddenItems#VMWare Permalink of this answer]  
[https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/ForbiddenItems#VMWare Permalink of this answer]  


VMware is proprietary software. Fedora does not include proprietary software. Fedora includes and develops several [[Tools/Virtualization|  virtualization technologies]]  which may provide an alternative.
Although some VMware utilities such as [https://admin.fedoraproject.org/pkgdb/package/open-vm-tools/ open-vm-tools] are free and open source, most VMware software is proprietary software. Fedora does not include proprietary software. Fedora includes and develops several [[Tools/Virtualization|  virtualization technologies]]  which can serve as an alternative.
 
{{Anchor|Adobe_Flash_Player}}
== Adobe/Macromedia Flash Player ==
[https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/ForbiddenItems#Adobe_Flash_Player Permalink of this answer]
 
Adobe Flash Player is proprietary software. Fedora does not include proprietary software. There are open source alternatives including [http://www.schleef.org/swfdec/ Swfdec]  and [http://www.gnu.org/software/gnash/ Gnash]; both are available in Fedora's package repositories.  If you still need to install Adobe Flash, we have [[Flash|Flash installation instructions]].


{{Anchor|Adobe_Acrobat_Reader}}
{{Anchor|Adobe_Acrobat_Reader}}
Line 101: Line 96:
Adobe Acrobat Reader is proprietary software.  Fedora does not include proprietary software.
Adobe Acrobat Reader is proprietary software.  Fedora does not include proprietary software.


'''Fedora Suggests:''' Consider using open source alternatives instead. Alternative PDF (Acrobat file format) readers are provided for the GNOME desktop (<code>evince</code>, developed and maintained by Fedora developers), the KDE 4 desktop (<code>okular</code>), the KDE 3 desktop (<code>kpdf</code>), and for generic X-Window graphical interfaces (<code>xpdf</code>).
'''Fedora Suggests:''' Consider using open source alternatives instead. Alternative PDF (Acrobat file format) readers are provided for the GNOME desktop (<code>evince</code>, developed and maintained by Fedora developers), the KDE Plasma desktop (<code>okular</code>), and for generic X-Window graphical interfaces (<code>xpdf</code>).


{{Anchor|szip}}
{{Anchor|szip}}
== szip ==
== szip ==
[https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/ForbiddenItems#szip Permalink of this answer]  
[https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/ForbiddenItems#szip Permalink of this answer]  
Line 109: Line 105:
The szip license is too restrictive for inclusion in Fedora.
The szip license is too restrictive for inclusion in Fedora.


'''Fedora Suggests:''' Use other open source alternatives such as gzip, bzip2 and lzma formats.
'''Fedora Suggests:''' Use libaec, which includes a BSD drop-in replacement for the SZIP or other open source alternatives such as gzip, bzip2 and lzma formats.


{{Anchor|Moonlight}}
{{Anchor|Moonlight}}
Line 116: Line 112:
[https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/ForbiddenItems#Moonlight Permalink of this answer]  
[https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/ForbiddenItems#Moonlight Permalink of this answer]  


There are serious concerns about Moonlight, due to Microsoft and Novell's public statements around its inclusion in their "covenant". In addition to that Groklaw has [http://www.groklaw.net/article.php?story=20080528133529454 posted] a FAQ from Software Freedom Law Center (SFLC) on the issues with this patent "covenant". Accordingly, this technology (with, or without codecs), is considered too risky, and is not acceptable for inclusion in Fedora.  
Moonlight is currently a abandoned project.  Even otherwise, there are serious concerns about Moonlight, due to Microsoft and Novell's public statements around its inclusion in their "covenant". In addition to that Groklaw has [http://www.groklaw.net/article.php?story=20080528133529454 posted] a FAQ from Software Freedom Law Center (SFLC) on the issues with this patent "covenant". Accordingly, this technology (with, or without codecs), is considered too risky, and is not acceptable for inclusion in Fedora.  


Also refer: <BR>
Also refer: <BR>
Line 133: Line 129:
The TrueCrypt software is under a poor license, which is not only non-free, but has the potential to be actively dangerous to end users or distributors who agree to it, opening them to possible legal action even if they abide by all of the licensing terms, depending on the intent of the upstream copyright holder. Fedora continues to make efforts to try to work with the TrueCrypt upstream to fix all of the issues in their license so that it can be considered Free, but have not yet been successful.
The TrueCrypt software is under a poor license, which is not only non-free, but has the potential to be actively dangerous to end users or distributors who agree to it, opening them to possible legal action even if they abide by all of the licensing terms, depending on the intent of the upstream copyright holder. Fedora continues to make efforts to try to work with the TrueCrypt upstream to fix all of the issues in their license so that it can be considered Free, but have not yet been successful.


'''Fedora Suggests:''' Avoid this software entirely.
'''Fedora Suggests:''' [http://code.google.com/p/cryptsetup/ cryptsetup] allows to map existing Truecrypt device since version 1.6 (Fedora 18). For full functionality [https://mhogomchungu.github.io/zuluCrypt/ zuluCrypt] is an independently developed TrueCrypt-compatible program under the GNU General Public License. ZuluCrypt which is available in Fedora repositories.


[https://github.com/bwalex/tc-play tcplay] is an independently developed TrueCrypt-compatible program under the BSD license.  A tcplay package has been submitted for [https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=743497 package review] for possible future inclusion in Fedora.


== cdrtools ==
== cdrtools ==
Line 142: Line 137:
https://www.redhat.com/archives/fedora-legal-list/2009-July/msg00000.html
https://www.redhat.com/archives/fedora-legal-list/2009-July/msg00000.html


'''Fedora Suggests:''' Use cdrkit instead.
'''Fedora Suggests:''' Use cdrkit (fork of cdrtools before the licensing issues) instead.
 
== SIG blacklists ==


== SIG deny list ==
=== Games ===
=== Games ===
See [[SIGs/Games#List_of_games_we_will_NOT_package]]
See [[SIGs/Games#List_of_games_we_will_NOT_package]]
=== Fonts ===
=== Fonts ===
See [[:Category:Rejected and retired fonts]]{{:Fonts_SIG_signature}}


See [[:Category:Rejected and retired fonts]]


{{:Fonts_SIG_signature}}
[[Category:Packaging]]

Latest revision as of 18:21, 3 August 2022

PLEASE NOTE: THIS PAGE IS NO LONGER UPDATED AND NOT CURRENT. FOR LICENSING AND LEGAL TOPICS RELATED TO FEDORA PLEASE SEE https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/legal/

Fedora users and contributors frequently ask others in the community why certain items are not included in Fedora. This page is meant to provide some explanations for the most frequently requested exclusions.

The Fedora Project strongly encourages using free and open source software. Fedora has licensing guidelines that enforce the following requirements:

  • If it is proprietary, it cannot be included in Fedora. (Binary firmware is the only exception to this)
  • If it is legally encumbered, it cannot be included in Fedora.
  • If it violates United States laws (specifically, Federal or applicable state laws), it cannot be included in Fedora.

Third party repositories often have more liberal licensing policies and contain software that has been excluded from the official Fedora software repository for various reasons. You can also find community support via Ask Fedora and use a search engine like Google to look for additional help. The proprietary software and drivers discussed may be available from the respective owners and other vendors. Fedora Project instead highly recommends that you support the right vendors and get hardware that can work with completely free and open source software and not restricted by Software Patents and other legal encumbrances.

Adobe/Macromedia Flash Player

Permalink of this answer

Adobe Flash Player is proprietary software. Fedora does not include proprietary software. If you still need to install Adobe Flash, we have Flash installation instructions.

Proprietary Kernel Drivers

Proprietary drivers are not included in Fedora. Many kernel developers consider such drivers as violation of the GPL license of the kernel. Fedora does not include proprietary software.

NVIDIA Proprietary Graphics Drivers

Permalink of this answer

The NVIDIA graphics drivers are proprietary, and many kernel developers consider this driver to violate the GPL license of the kernel. Fedora does not include proprietary software.

Fedora Suggests: Consider using the free and open source Nouveau driver instead or use a graphics adapter from Intel or AMD or any other manufacturer that provides full specifications and/or source code.

ATI Catalyst Proprietary Graphics Drivers

Permalink of this answer

The ATI Catalyst graphics drivers are proprietary and many kernel developers consider this driver to violate the GPL license of the kernel. Fedora does not include proprietary software. Fedora does include the free and open source Radeon driver however.

Fedora Suggests: Consider using the free and open source Radeon driver instead.

NDISwrapper network driver

Permalink of this answer

NDISwrapper works by bridging Windows drivers into kernel space; many kernel developers consider this to violate the GPL license of the kernel. Furthermore, NDISwrapper does not work with standard kernel features, such as 4K stacks, and exposes the user to binary-only drivers in kernel space that the user cannot modify or fix. Furthermore, NDISwrapper does not work at all without the Windows drivers, which 1) are not redistributable, and therefore cannot be shipped in Fedora, and 2) are not open source, and therefore will not be shipped in Fedora.

Fedora Suggests: Try using the in-kernel drivers that support many common wireless cards, such as Intel or Broadcom wireless adapters.

Real Media (and Player)

Permalink of this answer

Real Media encoding and decoding support is not included in any Fedora application because it is heavily patented in several regions including the United States. The patent holder is unwilling to give an unrestricted patent grant, as required by the GPL. Other platforms might have paid the royalty, or included proprietary software. Other Linux distributions not based in a region affected by the patent might ship Real Media decoders and encoders. However, Fedora cannot and does not ship Real Media decoders and encoders in order to serve the goal of providing and supporting only free and open source software by default.

Fedora Suggests: Try using patent unrestricted formats such as WebM (a lossy format for video and audio), Ogg Vorbis (a lossy audio codec), Ogg Theora (a lossy video codec), or FLAC (a lossless audio codec)

Encrypted DVD Playback

Permalink of this answer

Playback of CSS encrypted DVDs may be a violation of the United States DMCA , because it may be considered circumventing a copyright protection mechanism.

Fedora Suggests: Using patent unrestricted formats such as WebM or Ogg Theora is highly recommended when encoding videos.

More Information...

Cryptography

Permalink of this answer

Some cryptographic packages are not included within Fedora due to US export restrictions and patent concerns.

Fedora Suggests: Consider using non-restricted cryptographic methods instead.

Oracle's Java

Permalink of this answer

Java is now under a free software license but still has some binary encumbrances which are being removed or replaced incrementally. Red Hat worked with Oracle to improve free and open source Java. Fedora 9 and above includes OpenJDK with encumbered portions replaced by the IcedTea Project and it is fully TCK compliant. Refer to the JavaFAQ for more details.

VMware

Permalink of this answer

Although some VMware utilities such as open-vm-tools are free and open source, most VMware software is proprietary software. Fedora does not include proprietary software. Fedora includes and develops several virtualization technologies which can serve as an alternative.

Adobe Acrobat Reader

Permalink of this answer

Adobe Acrobat Reader is proprietary software. Fedora does not include proprietary software.

Fedora Suggests: Consider using open source alternatives instead. Alternative PDF (Acrobat file format) readers are provided for the GNOME desktop (evince, developed and maintained by Fedora developers), the KDE Plasma desktop (okular), and for generic X-Window graphical interfaces (xpdf).

szip

Permalink of this answer

The szip license is too restrictive for inclusion in Fedora.

Fedora Suggests: Use libaec, which includes a BSD drop-in replacement for the SZIP or other open source alternatives such as gzip, bzip2 and lzma formats.

Moonlight

Permalink of this answer

Moonlight is currently a abandoned project. Even otherwise, there are serious concerns about Moonlight, due to Microsoft and Novell's public statements around its inclusion in their "covenant". In addition to that Groklaw has posted a FAQ from Software Freedom Law Center (SFLC) on the issues with this patent "covenant". Accordingly, this technology (with, or without codecs), is considered too risky, and is not acceptable for inclusion in Fedora.

Also refer:
http://www.microsoft.com/interop/msnovellcollab/moonlight.mspx
http://blogs.cnet.com/5530-13505_1-0-10.html?forumID=166&messageID=2490312&threadID=228078

Microsoft later extended the patent "covenant" in a limited form to end users but not for redistribution and hence distributors other than Novell are still excluded.

https://www.redhat.com/archives/fedora-devel-list/2009-December/msg01070.html

TrueCrypt

Permalink of this answer

The TrueCrypt software is under a poor license, which is not only non-free, but has the potential to be actively dangerous to end users or distributors who agree to it, opening them to possible legal action even if they abide by all of the licensing terms, depending on the intent of the upstream copyright holder. Fedora continues to make efforts to try to work with the TrueCrypt upstream to fix all of the issues in their license so that it can be considered Free, but have not yet been successful.

Fedora Suggests: cryptsetup allows to map existing Truecrypt device since version 1.6 (Fedora 18). For full functionality zuluCrypt is an independently developed TrueCrypt-compatible program under the GNU General Public License. ZuluCrypt which is available in Fedora repositories.


cdrtools

At one point in time cdrtools was entirely licensed under the terms of the GPL (and included in Red Hat Linux, the precursor to Fedora), but later, most of the codebase was relicensed to CDDL (but notably, not all of it), resulting in a codebase which is an incompatible mix of the GPL and the CDDL. The cdrtools upstream is aware of these concerns, but holds a set of unorthodox opinions on licensing which are not shared by the FSF or Red Hat Legal, so it is unlikely that this situation will ever be resolved in a fashion that would result in cdrtools being acceptable for Fedora. For more details, see:

https://www.redhat.com/archives/fedora-legal-list/2009-July/msg00000.html

Fedora Suggests: Use cdrkit (fork of cdrtools before the licensing issues) instead.

SIG deny list

Games

See SIGs/Games#List_of_games_we_will_NOT_package

Fonts

See Category:Rejected and retired fonts

Fonts in Fedora
The Fonts SIG takes loving care of Fedora fonts. Please join this special interest group if you are interested in creating, improving, packaging, or just suggesting a font. Any help will be appreciated.