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| == Linux Kernel == | | == Kernel == |
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| {{admon/note|Deprecated or out of date content?|This content may be deprecated or out of date, it has not been updated since the Fedora 9 release notes.}}
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| This section covers changes and important information regarding the {{Template:DocsDict/KernelVer}} based kernel in Fedora {{Template:DocsDict/BeatsVer}}. The {{Template:DocsDict/KernelVer}} kernel includes:
| | The Fedora 22 distribution is powered by Linux kernel 4.0 RC1. |
| | | * According to Linus Torvalds’ notes, it is a fairly small release, but not much smaller than the usual RC versions |
| === Version ===
| | Features |
| | | *Various vm cleanups, and the unification of the PROTNONE and NUMA handling for page tables. |
| Fedora may include additional patches to the kernel for improvements, bug fixes, or additional features. For this reason, the Fedora kernel may not be line-for-line equivalent to the so-called ''vanilla kernel'' from the kernel.org web site: | | *The final release of Linux kernel 4.0 will also include the highly anticipated live patching infrastructure. |
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| http://www.kernel.org/
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| To obtain a list of these patches, download the source RPM package and run the following command against it:
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| <pre>rpm -qpl kernel-<version>.src.rpm</pre>
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| === Changelog ===
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| To retrieve a log of changes to the package, run the following command:
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| <pre>rpm -q --changelog kernel-<version></pre>
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| If you need a user friendly version of the changelog, refer to http://wiki.kernelnewbies.org/LinuxChanges. A short and full diff of the kernel is available from http://kernel.org/git. The Fedora version kernel is based on the Linus tree.
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| Customizations made for the Fedora version are available from http://cvs.fedoraproject.org.
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| === Kernel Flavors ===
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| {{Anchor|Kernel_Flavors}}
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| Fedora {{Template:DocsDict/BeatsVer}} includes the following kernel builds:
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| * Native kernel, for use in most systems. Configured sources are available in the <code>kernel-devel</code> package.
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| * The kernel-PAE, for use in 32-bit x86 systems with more than 4GB of RAM, or with CPUs that have a NX (No eXecute) feature. This kernel support both uniprocessor and multi-processor systems. Configured sources are available in the <code>kernel-PAE-devel</code> package. | |
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| * Debugging kernel, for use in debugging some kernel issues. Configured sources are available in the <code>kernel-debug-devel</code> package.
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| You may install kernel headers for all four kernel flavors at the same time. The files are installed in the <code>/usr/src/kernels/<version>[-PAE|-xen|-kdump] -<arch>/</code> tree. Use the following command:
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| <pre>su -c 'yum install kernel{,-PAE,-xen,-kdump}-devel'</pre>
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| Select one or more of these flavors, separated by commas and no spaces, as appropriate. Enter the root password when prompted.
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| {{Admon/note|x86 Kernel Includes Kdump|Both the x86_64 and the i686 kernels are relocatable, so they no longer require a separate kernel for kdump capability. PPC64 still requires a separate kdump kernel.}}
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| {{Admon/note|x86 Kernel Includes Paravirtualization|Both the x86_64 and the i686 kernels contain [[Docs/Beats/Virtualization#Unified_Kernel_Image | paravirt_ops]] support, so they no longer require a separate kernel for running under a Xen hypervisor.}}
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| {{Admon/note|Default Kernel Provides SMP|There is no separate SMP kernel available for Fedora on i386, x86_64, and ppc64. Multiprocessor support is provided by the native kernel.}}
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| {{Admon/note|PowerPC Kernel Support|There is no support for Xen or kdump for the PowerPC architecture in Fedora. 32-bit PowerPC still has a separate SMP kernel.}}
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| === Preparing for Kernel Development ===
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| Fedora {{Template:DocsDict/BeatsVer}} does not include the kernel-source package provided by older versions since only the kernel-devel package is required now to build external modules. Configured sources are available, as described [[#Kernel_Flavors | above]].
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| {{Admon/important|Custom Kernel Building|For information on kernel development and working with custom kernels, refer to http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Building_a_custom_kernel.}}
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| === Reporting Bugs ===
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| Refer to http://kernel.org/pub/linux/docs/lkml/reporting-bugs.html for information on reporting bugs in the Linux kernel. You may also use http://bugzilla.redhat.com for reporting bugs that are specific to Fedora.
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