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< Releases‎ | Branched

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Una release Branched (o Ramificata) da Rawhide, che continua il suo percorso di sviluppo in maniera independente, occupa un periodo del ciclo di vita di ogni rilascio Fedora (Fedora Release Life Cycle) che va da pre-Alpha a post-Beta. Successivamente alla fase post-Beta raggiunge finalmente il suo status di relase generale finale.

Durante questo periodo, la Branch Freeze Policy delinea il processo di compilazione dei pacchetti, sostituendo le precedenti Alpha, Beta, e Final freeze policies. In questo intervallo di tempo, entrano in corso repository non-rawhide per la nuova release, (attualmente la 40). Tutte le nuove compilazioni vengono raccolte nel repository updates-testing; successivamente, dopo aver ottenuto l'approvazione in Bodhi, passano direttamente nel repository Fedora della versione (40). (In questo periodo non esiste alcun repository updates, che diventa disponibile solo al raggiungimento della fase final).
Feature Freeze e String Freeze vengono avviati immediatamente dopo l'inizio della fase Branched.

La release Alpha (Alpha Milestone) presume che si sia raggiunto il completamento delle Features, e prevede l'avvio di una intensa fase di test di installazione.
La release Beta invece è rivolta a sperimentare tutti i pacchetti e la loro interazione.
Le release Alpha e Beta, nei periodi in cui vengono rilasciati, sono disponibili quì per il download.
Inoltre, una volta disponibile la release final, è anche possibile effettuare un up-grade da una per-release (α o β) alla final (vedi Upgrading from pre-release to final).

Opzioni di installazione

Come non disturbare un sistema esistente

Esistono sostanzialmente tre metodi per testare una release Branched senza creare alcun disturbo ad una esistente installazione:

  • Testare una versione Live su USB o DVD.
  • Usare una virtual machine. Vedi Testing/qemu.
  • Installare la branched in una propria partizione.

Direct install, upgrade, or no-install testing with an Alpha, Beta, or nightly Live build

Le Live Spin sono compilate giornalmente (Nightly builds). Tutte le Live Spin approvate vengono regolarmente depositate nei repository, e tra queste la desktop è quella maggiormente usata e distribuita. L'utilizzo delle Live è il metodo generalmente più rapido per effettuare una nuova installazione, ed infatti risulta essere il metodo più frequentemente usato dagli utenti odierni per installare la distribuzione finale. Queste Nightly builds sono anche una buona occasione per testare una release Branched, nel caso in cui non si abbia una macchina di riserva o una partizione apposita da dedicare alla Branched, o più semplicemente non si abbia il tempo per mantenere una installazione Branched. Rappresenta davvero un modo sicuro per effettuare test, dal momento che la Live non arreca alcuna modifica al sistema esistente. Poi, una volta valutata, si ha sempre la possibilità di installarla direttamente sull'hard disk (n.d.t. basta cliccare su un'icona che avvia la procedura guidata d'installazione).

Note.png
E' da notare che nel periodo tra il rilascio di una final e prima della creazione della successiva release Branched, queste Nightly builds contengono pacchetti della versione Rawhide.

Le release Alpha e Beta sono disponibili anche come immagini Live.

The basic steps are:

  • Download a daily Live image (.iso) from http://alt.fedoraproject.org/pub/alt/nightly-composes/ or if you would prefer the official Alpha or Beta milestone release, from http://fedoraproject.org/get-prerelease
  • Make a boot disk (see "How do I make a bootable disk from an ISO?" below) and boot from it.
  • Start testing.
  • If you want to permanently install or upgrade locally, log in and double click on the "Install to Hard Drive" icon on the desktop, then follow the on-screen instructions.

The maximum ISO size is now 1GB, which is larger than can fit on a CD. It is expected that most users will have USB or DVD media available. USB media in particular is advantageous compared to CDs, because it is cheap and highly reusable.

Builds include only package versions from the "stable" repository, so they should in general be usable; please file a bug if you encounter any problems. If there is a bug in the generation toolchain, the images may not be built on a given night; in this case, the last built image will remain available.

If you use a LiveUSB with data persistence, you can run "yum update" to get the latest RPMs (except for the kernel). However, downloading a fresh daily ISOs is recommended instead of this method.

Installing via Anaconda

Anaconda is the Fedora installer. It can be booted directly, rather than run from a Live desktop. Installation options can also be more flexible.

Upgrade from any previous release via Preupgrade and Anaconda

A faster Anaconda installation can be performed from an existing copy of Fedora with PreUpgrade. See How to use PreUpgrade for instructions. During the process, check the box next to "Display unstable test releases" and select "Fedora 40 (Branched)" from the list.

Upgrading from a Branched test release

If a test release or "pre-release" (Alpha or Beta) is currently available, you can download it from: http://fedoraproject.org/get-prerelease

Test releases are configured to update to the latest version of the Branched release which they are building on automatically. To get the latest packages, you can run "yum update" or wait for desktop notification of updates. If you continue to follow updates, you will eventually end up with the same packages and updates as are in the final general availability release.

See upgrading from pre-release to final if you encounter any snafus.

Direct install using a general release Anaconda ISO

You can use the version of Anaconda distributed with a final public release (the latest being Fedora 39). Using this method, you will be using an older but known-to-be-working installer to install the latest content in the Rawhide repository.

Option 1 - Use a copy you've already downloaded

If you already have a bootable CD, DVD, USB stick, or hard drive partition containing the *-DVD.iso or *-disc1.iso you can use that to install Rawhide. However, if you need to download new boot media, these files are not recommended because they contain general release versions of Fedora RPMs, and you wish to install Branched RPMs. (See installation guide download page for instructions if you want to download these files anyway.) A general release Live image cannot be used to install Branched, only the general release version of Fedora which it contains.

Option 2 - Download the minimal installer

If you need to make a bootable CD, DVD, USB stick, or hard drive partition, the best way is to download the minimal boot.iso installer, and load RPMs over the network. This is the same as the *-netinst.iso (e.g. Fedora-12-i386-netinst.iso) which you may find elsewhere. These files are not available by BitTorrent.

To get and use a boot.iso file:

  • Go to http://download.fedoraproject.org/ - you will be redirected to a nearby mirror.
  • Go to releases/39/Fedora.
  • Choose the directory for your architecture (i386, x86_64, or ppc - help available), then find os/images/boot.iso and download it.
  • Create a bootable CD, DVD, USB media, or hard drive partition following the instructions at [1] and using your newly downloaded boot.iso file. You can use the livecd-iso-to-disk method described there even though boot.iso is not a Live image, and it should also work on hard drive partitions, not just USB media.
Option 3 - Pure network install with no boot media

The Installation Guide documents how to boot the installer directly from the network, in case you cannot or choose not to create local boot media.

What to do after booting Option 1, 2 or 3

Follow the on-screen instructions from Anaconda, the graphical installer. The installation is very straightforward. You should do a HTTP/FTP install. To get Branched instead of a supported release, for the URL of your 'install tree', use "<mirrorroot>/development/40/<arch>/os/" where <mirrorroot> is the mirror site URL you got from the mirror list and <arch> is your architecture (i386, x86_64, or ppc).

Option 4 - With no network access at install time

If you have no network access during the install process, you will need to download the Branched (development/40) repository from a development mirror and use the hard drive installation method described in the Installation Guide, or it might be easier to choose a different method to install Branched from another section of this page.

Direct install using daily Branched Anaconda build

Using this method, you will be testing not only the contents of Branched, but also the Branched version of the installer which will become the installer for the next version of Fedora.

Follow the same steps as in "Using a general release Anaconda ISO" above, but get your boot.iso from "development/40/<arch>/os/images/" one of the mirrors listed at: http://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/publiclist/Fedora/development/

Yum update from previous official release

This method is available but generally not recommended. Anaconda can make changes that are outside what the packaging system can normally deal with. You may also run into dependency problems which could take time to untangle. You may also need to upgrade from the immediately previous release (e.g. install Fedora 11, 12, then Fedora 13 Branched, not jump directly from Fedora 11 to Fedora 13 Branched). Be prepared to wipe your system and re-install from scratch if things do not go well.

Download the "fedora-release-40" RPM directly from a development mirror, under: development/40/<arch>/os/Packages/

To finish using graphical applications:

  1. Install the "fedora-release-40" package you downloaded.
  2. Modify your software sources using gpk-repo. Leave only the Fedora 40 software source enabled.
  3. Next, update your system using gpk-update-viewer (System -> Administration -> Software Update on the Gnome menu.)

To finish using the command-line, for example:

  1. yum install fedora-release-13-0.6.noarch.rpm
  2. yum update

Reference info

How do I make a bootable disk from an ISO?

Where is the Branched release mirrored?

The current Branched release is found under "development/40" on the mirrors. You can find a local mirror from: http://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/publiclist/Fedora/